Cross Cultural Psychology Critical Thinking and Contemporary Applications 5th Edition Test Bank
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Chapter 4
Cognition: Sensation, Perception, and States of Consciousness
4.1. Multiple
choice questions (key terms)
1. What is the term for a sleeplike state marked by reduced
sensitivity to stimuli, loss or alteration of knowledge, and the substitution
of automatic for voluntary motor activity?
2. sleep
3. trance
4. aesthetic experience
5. dream
6. sensory adaptation
Answer:
b
2.A(n)________ is a
term used to identify the feeling of pleasure evoked by stimuli that are
perceived as beautiful, attractive, and rewarding.
1. depth perception
2. perceptual set
3. aesthetic experience
4. revealing experience
5. sensory adaptation
Answer:
c
3.
The organization of
sensations in three dimensions, even though the image on the eye’s retina is
two-dimensional is referred to as:
4.
depth perception
5.
difference threshold
6.
sensory adaptation
7.
revealing experience
8.
sensory threshold
Answer:
a
4. _________ is a quiet and relaxed state of tranquility in which a
person achieves an integration of emotions, attitudes, and thoughts.
5. hypnosis
6. aesthetic experience
7. trance
8. meditation
9. sleep
Answer:
d
5. What is the general name for phenomena that are different than
normal waking consciousness and include mystic experiences, meditation,
hypnosis, trance, or possession?
6. aesthetic experience
7. therapy
8. paranormal phenomena
9. altered states of consciousness
10. spirituality
Answer: d
6. What is the general scientific term
forphenomena that appear to contradict physical laws and suggest the
possibility of causation by mental processes?
1. hypnosis
2. magic psychology
3. conscious efforts
4. social psychology
5. parapsychology
Answer: e
7. Which term stands for a broad range of phenomena concerning “non-material”
matters related to faith, trust, and hope, in contrast to “material” matters
related to ownership, accumulation of possessions, and competition?
8. social psychology
9. altered states of consciousness
10. power of the mind philosophy
11. eastern religions
12. spirituality
Answer:
e
8. _______ refers to the tendency of the sensory system to respond
less to stimuli that continue without change.
9. sensation
10. excessive sleep
11. sensory adaptation
12. meditation
13. dreams
Answer: c
9. The ________ refers to the minimum amount of physical energy
needed for an observer to notice a stimulus.
10. absolute threshold
11. consciousness
12. wakefulness
13. perception
14. meditation
Answer: a
10. A(n) ________ is a mental representation that orients people to
dimensions such as time, space, and the interpersonal world.
11. perceptual set
12. absolute threshold
13. sensory adaptation
14. behavioral environment
15. altered state of consciousness
Answer: d
4.2. Multiple
choice questions (comprehension and application)
1.Some intriguing
perceptual differences were found in comparative studies of Weston and East
Asian subjects. East Asians tend to be more holistic and Westerners tend to be
more_______.
1. creative
2. impatient
3. analytic
4. forgiving
5. aggressive
Answer:
c Section: How People Perceive Pictures
2. Our experience with the environment (for example, living in a
mountainous area) shapes our perception by creating perceptual sets. What are
they?
3. stress-related reactions
4. perceptual expectations
5. absolute thresholds
6. adaptation strategies based on thinking
7. negative emotions
Answer:
b Section: How Culture Influences What We
Perceive
3. Individuals from hunter and gatherer cultures have _______ rates
of color blindness than individuals from agricultural cultures.
4. lower
5. the same
6. higher
7. significantly higher
8. highly unusual
Answer:
a Section: Perception of Color
4. The _________ suggests that while an ethnic group may excel in a
particular sensory task, they may be less adept in others. Yet in sum, sensory
and other cognitive skills are evenly balanced across ethnic groups.
5. the inequality hypothesis
6. the power hypothesis
7. the compensation hypothesis
8. the justice hypothesis
9. the consciousness hypothesis
Answer:
c Section: Critical Thinking: Origin and Sensory Preferences
5. There is evidence that scanning patterns (scanning a picture or
text, for example) are subject to cultural variations. These variations are
most closely linked with:
6. perception of time
7. religion
8. access to water
9. access to sand
10. reading habits
Answer:
e Section: How People Scan Pictures
6. What is the most significant factor determining an individual’s
susceptibility to visual illusions?
7. formal schooling
8. sleep deprivation
9. attitude about psychological experiments
10. absolute thresholds
e.sensory adaptation
Answer:
a Section: Are We Equally Mislead by Visual Illusions?
7. Which of the following is least likely to be viewed as an
Altered State of Consciousness?
8. meditation
9. hypnotic trance
10. fantasy
11. possession trance
12. sleep
Answer:
c Section: Beyond Altered States of Consciousness
8. Under the influence of the Protestant (Christian) tradition,
developed first in Western Europe, altered states of consciousness were
considered:
9. normal, common phenomena
10. result of difficult educational environment
11. religious experiences
12. human emotions
13. abnormal phenomena
Answer:
e Section: Beyond Altered States of Consciousness
9. Until recently, the altered states of consciousness associated
with religious experiences have been practically excluded from scientific
psychological research. Why?
10. because of the government’s restrictions on such studies
11. because of the attempts of researchers to distance psychology
from organized religion
12. because of censorship: journals and magazines would not have
published such research
13. because such studies are extremely expensive and require special
licensing
14. because these states of consciousness are dangerous
Answer:
b Section: Beyond Altered States of Consciousness
10. Imagine your client during a therapy session describes her
perceptions and feelings when an evil spirit invaded her body a few days ago.
From a psychological perspective, how would you define this altered state of
consciousness?
11. visionary trance
12. non-specific spirit-related coma
13. spiritual awakening
14. possession trance
15. “Seven-days-in-Tibet” experience
Answer:
d Section: Beyond Altered States of
Consciousness
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